Practice Simple math

Small business case exercises

Try to solve the question, then reveal the full solution and method
  1. 01

    Simple Enterprise Value bridge

    Company A has the following data: - $40/share - 50m diluted shares - Debt $600m - Preferred $50m - NCI $80m - Cash $150m - Associates $40m Calculate EV
  2. 02

    EV bridge backwards

    Company A has the following data: - EV = $5,200m - Debt $1,400m - Preferred $200m - NCI $300m - Cash $600m - Associates $250m - Diluted shares: 80m Compute implied share price
  3. 03

    Excess cash adjustment

    Company A has the following data: - Share price: $50 - Diluted shares: 100m - Debt: $2,000m - Cash: $800m - Minimum operating cash: $200m Compute EV using the excess cash convention
  4. 04

    Negative equity, positive EV

    Company A has the following data: - Share price: $8 - Diluted shares: 20m - Debt: $900m - Cash: $50m - Preferred: $0 - NCI: $0 Compute EV
  5. 05

    EV/EBITDA multiple computation

    Company A has the following data: - EV: $2,400m - LTM EBITDA: $300m - Peer EV/EBITDA range: 7–9x Compute EV/EBITDA multiple and assess vs. peers
  6. 06

    Implied EV from multiple

    Company A has the following data: - LTM EBITDA: $180m - Peer median EV/EBITDA: 9.5x - Debt: $400m - Cash: $60m - Preferred: $0 - NCI: $0 - Diluted shares: 25m Compute implied share price
  7. 07

    Pension adjustment

    Company A has the following data: - Equity Value: $3,000m - Debt: $1,200m - Cash: $400m - Pension PBO: $500m - Pension plan assets: $350m (underfunded by $150m) Compute adjusted EV
  8. 08

    EV multiples

    An analyst uses EV / Net Income as a valuation multiple. Do you think this multiple makes sense? Why? Which multiple would you use?
  9. 09

    Non-recurring EBITDA normalization

    Company A has the following data: - Reported EBITDA: $400m - One-off restructuring charge: $50m (expensed) - Litigation settlement: $30m (expensed) - Stock-based compensation: $20m (already added back to reach EBITDA) - Gain on asset sale: $15m (included in EBITDA) Compute adjusted (normalised) EBITDA
  10. 10

    NCI in the bridge - minority-owned subsidiary

    Company A has the following data: - ParentCo owns 70% of Company B - ParentCo Equity Value: $4,000m - Debt: $800m - Cash: $300m - NCI (30% of Company B): book value $200m Compute EV
  11. 11

    Accounting for associates

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  12. 12

    Full consolidation flip - associate becomes subsidiary

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  13. 13

    Convertible bonds

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  14. 14

    In-the-money + Out-of-money + Convertible bonds

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  15. 15

    EV sensitivity to share price

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  16. 16

    Deconsolidation

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  17. 17

    Negative EV scenario

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  18. 18

    EV to implied EBITDA multiple given acquisition premium

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  19. 19

    Full integrated bridge with LBO context

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  20. 20

    Partial acquisition with NCI

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  21. 21

    Mixed financing: cash + stock acquisition

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  22. 22

    Associate-to-subsidiary flip

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  23. 23

    Divestiture

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  24. 24

    Full LBO bridge with value creation attribution

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