Try to solve the question, then reveal the full solution and method
01
Simple Enterprise Value bridge
Company A has the following data:
- $40/share
- 50m diluted shares
- Debt $600m
- Preferred $50m
- NCI $80m
- Cash $150m
- Associates $40m
Calculate EV
02
EV bridge backwards
Company A has the following data:
- EV = $5,200m
- Debt $1,400m
- Preferred $200m
- NCI $300m
- Cash $600m
- Associates $250m
- Diluted shares: 80m
Compute implied share price
03
Excess cash adjustment
Company A has the following data:
- Share price: $50
- Diluted shares: 100m
- Debt: $2,000m
- Cash: $800m
- Minimum operating cash: $200m
Compute EV using the excess cash convention
04
Negative equity, positive EV
Company A has the following data:
- Share price: $8
- Diluted shares: 20m
- Debt: $900m
- Cash: $50m
- Preferred: $0
- NCI: $0
Compute EV
05
EV/EBITDA multiple computation
Company A has the following data:
- EV: $2,400m
- LTM EBITDA: $300m
- Peer EV/EBITDA range: 7–9x
Compute EV/EBITDA multiple and assess vs. peers
06
Implied EV from multiple
Company A has the following data:
- LTM EBITDA: $180m
- Peer median EV/EBITDA: 9.5x
- Debt: $400m
- Cash: $60m
- Preferred: $0
- NCI: $0
- Diluted shares: 25m
Compute implied share price
07
Pension adjustment
Company A has the following data:
- Equity Value: $3,000m
- Debt: $1,200m
- Cash: $400m
- Pension PBO: $500m
- Pension plan assets: $350m (underfunded by $150m)
Compute adjusted EV
08
EV multiples
An analyst uses EV / Net Income as a valuation multiple.
Do you think this multiple makes sense? Why?
Which multiple would you use?
09
Non-recurring EBITDA normalization
Company A has the following data:
- Reported EBITDA: $400m
- One-off restructuring charge: $50m (expensed)
- Litigation settlement: $30m (expensed)
- Stock-based compensation: $20m (already added back to reach EBITDA)
- Gain on asset sale: $15m (included in EBITDA)
Compute adjusted (normalised) EBITDA
10
NCI in the bridge - minority-owned subsidiary
Company A has the following data:
- ParentCo owns 70% of Company B
- ParentCo Equity Value: $4,000m
- Debt: $800m
- Cash: $300m
- NCI (30% of Company B): book value $200m
Compute EV